## ✔ Key could be verified via a test request## ℹ The provided key will be available for this R session## ℹ Add `STATCUBE_KEY_EXT = XXXX` to "~/.Renviron" to set the key
## persistently. Replace `XXXX` with your keyThis article contains the most important aspects of the method
$tabulate(). This method aggregates sc_data
objects. The first part will use the
cancer dataset
from the
OGD article.
After that, other features of $tabulate() will be
demonstrated with the data from the
structure of earnings survey (SES).
Notice that these tabulation methods can also be used with the
STATcube REST API. This means that objects created by
sc_table() also have a $tabulate() method.
Tabulating Data
Calling the $tabulate() method with no arguments
produces a table with the same dimensions as $data.
cancer$tabulate()# A STATcubeR tibble: 49,190 x 5
`Tumore ICD/10 3-Steller` `Reporting year` Province of residenc…¹ Sex
* <fct> <date> <fct> <fct>
1 <C00> Bösartige Neubildung der… 1983-01-01 "Burgenland " male
2 <C00> Bösartige Neubildung der… 1983-01-01 "Carinthia" male
3 <C00> Bösartige Neubildung der… 1983-01-01 "Carinthia" female
4 <C00> Bösartige Neubildung der… 1983-01-01 "Lower Austria" male
5 <C00> Bösartige Neubildung der… 1983-01-01 "Lower Austria" female
# ℹ 49,185 more rows
# ℹ abbreviated name: ¹`Province of residence`
# ℹ 1 more variable: `Number of records F-KRE` <int>#> [1] TRUEInstead of cancer$tabulate(...) it is also possible to
use sc_tabulate(cancer, ...). All available parameters for
the $tabulate() method are documented in
?sc_tabulate.
Aggregation
Aggregating with sums
To get the number of cases by reporting year and sex, use the labels of those variables as arguments.
cancer$tabulate("Reporting year", "Sex")# A STATcubeR tibble: 80 x 3
`Reporting year` Sex `Number of records F-KRE`
* <date> <fct> <int>
1 1983-01-01 male 13626
2 1983-01-01 female 16702
3 1984-01-01 male 13996
4 1984-01-01 female 16620
5 1985-01-01 male 13658
# ℹ 75 more rowsIf more than one measure is included in the dataset, all measures
will be aggregated.
STATcubeR
uses rowsum() to ensure a good performance with big
datasets. It is also possible to use partial matching or use codes.
cancer$tabulate("Reporting", "C-KRE")# A STATcubeR tibble: 80 x 3
`Reporting year` Sex `Number of records F-KRE`
* <date> <fct> <int>
1 1983-01-01 male 13626
2 1983-01-01 female 16702
3 1984-01-01 male 13996
4 1984-01-01 female 16620
5 1985-01-01 male 13658
# ℹ 75 more rowsSTATcubeR
will use pmatch() to match the supplied strings with the
metadata to identify the variables that should be used for
aggregation.
Limitations of sums
In some cases, datasets cannot be aggregated using the
rowsum() approach. As an example, take the structure of
earnings survey.
earnings <- od_table("OGD_veste309_Veste309_1")
earnings#> Structure of Earnings Survey (SES) 2018 Gross hourly earnings in EUR
#> by citizenship, region (NUTS 2) and form of employment
#>
#> Dataset: OGD_veste309_Veste309_1 (data.statistik.gv.at)
#> Measures: Arithmetic mean, 1st quartile, 2nd quartile (median), 3rd
#> quartile, Number of employees
#> Fields: Sex <3>, Citizenship <9>, Region (NUTS2) <10>, Form of employment
#> <7>
#>
#> Request: [2024-04-18 10:07:43.689773]
#> STATcubeR: 0.5.0As we can see from the print() output, the measures
contain means and quartiles. Therefore, aggregating the data via
rowsum() is not meaningful. However, this dataset contains
a “total code” for every field.
earnings$tabulate()# A STATcubeR tibble: 72 x 9
Sex Citizenship `Region (NUTS2)` `Form of employment`
* <fct> <fct> <fct> <fct>
1 Sum total Total Total "Total"
2 Sum total Total Total "Standard employment "
3 Sum total Total Total "Non-standard employment (total)"
4 Sum total Total Total "Non-standard employment: part-time…
5 Sum total Total Total "Non-standard employment: fixed-ter…
6 Sum total Total Total "Non-standard employment: marginal …
7 Sum total Total Total "Non-standard employment: temporary…
8 Sum total Total AT11 Burgenland "Total"
9 Sum total Total AT12 Lower Austria "Total"
10 Sum total Total AT13 Vienna "Total"
# ℹ 62 more rows
# ℹ 5 more variables: `Arithmetic mean` <dbl>, `1st quartile` <dbl>,
# `2nd quartile (median)` <dbl>, `3rd quartile` <dbl>,
# `Number of employees` <dbl>Aggregating via total codes
These total codes can be used to aggregate the data with
$tabulate(). In order to do that, the total codes need to
be specified using $total_codes().
earnings$total_codes(Sex = "Sum total", Citizenship = "Total",
Region = "Total", `Form of employment` = "Total")Now $tabulate() will use these total codes to form
aggregates of the data.
earnings$tabulate("Form of employment")# A STATcubeR tibble: 6 x 6
`Form of employment` `Arithmetic mean` `1st quartile`
* <fct> <dbl> <dbl>
1 "Standard employment " 19.0 12.8
2 "Non-standard employment (total)" 15.2 10.2
3 "Non-standard employment: part-time only" 15.9 10.7
4 "Non-standard employment: fixed-term employm… 16.8 10.2
5 "Non-standard employment: marginal part-time… 12 9
6 "Non-standard employment: temporary agency w… 14.0 11.5
# ℹ 3 more variables: `2nd quartile (median)` <dbl>, `3rd quartile` <dbl>,
# `Number of employees` <dbl>As we can see, the method extracted rows 2 to 7 from the data. The logic for selecting those rows is equivalent to the following dplyr expression.
earnings$data %>% dplyr::filter(Sex == "Sum total" & Citizenship == "Total" &
`Region (NUTS2)` == "Total" & `Form of employment` != "Total") %>%
dplyr::select(-Sex, -Citizenship, -`Region (NUTS2)`)The $tabulate() method also works with more than one
variable.
earnings$tabulate("Sex", "Form of employment")# A STATcubeR tibble: 12 x 7
Sex `Form of employment` `Arithmetic mean` `1st quartile`
* <fct> <fct> <dbl> <dbl>
1 Male "Standard employment " 20.0 13.5
2 Male "Non-standard employment (total)" 16.5 10.5
3 Male "Non-standard employment: part-time … 18.8 11.1
4 Male "Non-standard employment: fixed-term… 18.3 10.9
5 Male "Non-standard employment: marginal p… 12.6 9
6 Male "Non-standard employment: temporary … 14.4 12
7 Female "Standard employment " 16.3 11.1
8 Female "Non-standard employment (total)" 14.6 10.0
9 Female "Non-standard employment: part-time … 15.2 10.6
10 Female "Non-standard employment: fixed-term… 15.2 9.68
11 Female "Non-standard employment: marginal p… 11.6 9.02
12 Female "Non-standard employment: temporary … 13.0 10.4
# ℹ 3 more variables: `2nd quartile (median)` <dbl>, `3rd quartile` <dbl>,
# `Number of employees` <dbl>
earnings$tabulate("Sex", "Citizenship")# A STATcubeR tibble: 16 x 7
Sex Citizenship `Arithmetic mean` `1st quartile`
* <fct> <fct> <dbl> <dbl>
1 Male "Austrian" 20.4 13.8
2 Male "Non-Austrian " 15.3 10.6
3 Male "EU-28/EWR/Switzerland (without Aust… 16.0 10.9
4 Male "EU-15/EWR before 2004/Switzerland" 21.2 12.6
5 Male "EU-13 EU Member States after 2004" 13.6 10.3
6 Male "Former Yugoslavia (without Slovenia… 14.1 11.2
7 Male "Turkey" 13.3 10.4
8 Male "Other" 14.0 9.07
9 Female "Austrian" 15.9 11.1
10 Female "Non-Austrian " 13.0 9.19
11 Female "EU-28/EWR/Switzerland (without Aust… 13.7 9.38
12 Female "EU-15/EWR before 2004/Switzerland" 17.1 11.0
# ℹ 4 more rows
# ℹ 3 more variables: `2nd quartile (median)` <dbl>, `3rd quartile` <dbl>,
# `Number of employees` <dbl>
earnings$tabulate("Sex", "Region")# A STATcubeR tibble: 18 x 7
Sex `Region (NUTS2)` `Arithmetic mean` `1st quartile`
* <fct> <fct> <dbl> <dbl>
1 Male AT11 Burgenland 16.6 11.6
2 Male AT12 Lower Austria 17.8 12.3
3 Male AT13 Vienna 20.9 12.2
4 Male AT21 Carinthia 18.3 12.6
5 Male AT22 Styria 18.4 12.8
6 Male AT31 Upper Austria 19.7 13.7
7 Male AT32 Salzburg 19.2 12.7
8 Male AT33 Tyrol 18.6 12.8
9 Male AT34 Vorarlberg 20.4 14.5
10 Female AT11 Burgenland 14.5 10.2
11 Female AT12 Lower Austria 14.2 10
12 Female AT13 Vienna 17.1 10.6
# ℹ 6 more rows
# ℹ 3 more variables: `2nd quartile (median)` <dbl>, `3rd quartile` <dbl>,
# `Number of employees` <dbl>
earnings$tabulate("Citizenship", "Region")# A STATcubeR tibble: 0 x 7
# ℹ 7 variables: Citizenship <fct>, Region (NUTS2) <fct>,
# Arithmetic mean <dbl>, 1st quartile <dbl>, 2nd quartile (median) <dbl>,
# 3rd quartile <dbl>, Number of employees <dbl>We get an empty table because this cross tabulation is not included in the OGD dataset. The same will happen for Citizenship & Form of employment as well as Region & Form of employment.
#> [1] 0 7#> [1] 0 7Totals and the REST API
By default, STATcubeR will always add totals for datasets from the REST API and use those totals to aggregate the datasets.
x <- sc_table(sc_example("accomodation"))
x$meta$fields# STATcubeR metadata: 3 x 7
code label total_code nitems type
<chr> <chr> <chr> <int> <chr>
1 C-SDB_TIT-0 Season/Tourism Month SC_TOTAL 293 Time (month)
2 C-C93SUM-0 Country of origin SC_TOTAL 4 Category
3 C-BBTR_REG2-0 Accomodation establishment SC_TOTAL 4 Category
# … with 2 more columns: 'label_de', 'label_en'Including totals in the oputput
It is not necessary that all fields have totals. For example, suppose
we want to include the totals for Sex in the output table.
We can just remove the toal code before running
sc_tabulate(). The special symbol NA can be
used to unset a total code.
earnings$total_codes(Sex = NA)
earnings$tabulate("Sex")# A STATcubeR tibble: 3 x 6
Sex `Arithmetic mean` `1st quartile` `2nd quartile (median)`
* <fct> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
1 Sum total 17.6 11.6 15.1
2 Male 19.2 12.8 16.3
3 Female 15.3 10.4 13.4
# ℹ 2 more variables: `3rd quartile` <dbl>, `Number of employees` <dbl>German Labels and Codes
It is possible to switch the language used for labeling the data.
This can be done by setting $language to "de"
or "en".
earnings$language <- "de"
earnings$tabulate("Geschlecht")# A STATcubeR tibble: 3 x 6
Geschlecht `Arithmetisches Mittel` `1. Quartil` `2. Quartil (Median)`
* <fct> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
1 insgesamt 17.6 11.6 15.1
2 männlich 19.2 12.8 16.3
3 weiblich 15.3 10.4 13.4
# ℹ 2 more variables: `3. Quartil` <dbl>, `Zahl d unselbst Beschäftigten` <dbl>To skip labelling altogether and use variable codes in the output,
use raw=TRUE.
earnings$tabulate("Geschlecht", raw = TRUE)# A STATcubeR tibble: 3 x 6
`C-A11-0` `F-VESTE_AM` `F-VESTE_Q25` `F-VESTE_Q50` `F-VESTE_Q75` `F-VESTE_UB`
* <fct> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
1 A11-1 17.6 11.6 15.1 20.1 2650938
2 A11-2 19.2 12.8 16.3 22.0 1544588
3 A11-3 15.3 10.4 13.4 17.6 1106350Switching languages is always available for od_table()
objects. For sc_table(), it depends on whcih languages were
requested.
# default: get labels in german and english
x <- sc_table(sc_example("accomodation"))
# only get english labels
x <- sc_table(sc_example("accomodation"), lang = "en")
# only get german labels
x <- sc_table(sc_example("accomodation"), lang = "de")Subsetting columns
In the previous examples, we only supplied names and/or codes of
fields to sc_tabulate(). It is also possible to include
measures in which case the unlisted measures will be omitted.
earnings$tabulate("Geschlecht", "Arithmetisches Mittel", "2. Quartil")# A STATcubeR tibble: 3 x 3
Geschlecht `Arithmetisches Mittel` `2. Quartil (Median)`
* <fct> <dbl> <dbl>
1 insgesamt 17.6 15.1
2 männlich 19.2 16.3
3 weiblich 15.3 13.4Just like for fields, measures also support partial matching and
codes. In the above example, "2. Quartil" was matched to
"2. Quartil (Median)".
Programmatic usage
Notice that we used the german label for the column
"Sex" in the last calls to tabulate(). This is
necessary because only the “active” labels are available to define the
tabulation. If you want to use
STATcubeR
programatically, always use codes to define the tabulation and also use
the .list parameter if you want to pass several codes.
earnings$field("C-A11-0")# STATcubeR metadata: 3 x 8
code label parsed
<chr> <chr> <chr>
1 A11-1 insgesamt insgesamt
2 A11-2 männlich männlich
3 A11-3 weiblich weiblich
# … with 5 more columns: 'label_de', 'label_en', 'parent', 'visible', 'order'
earnings$total_codes(`C-A11-0` = "A11-1")
vars_to_tabulate <- c("C-A11-0", "C-BESCHV-0")
earnings$tabulate(.list = vars_to_tabulate)# A STATcubeR tibble: 12 x 7
Geschlecht Form des Beschäftigungsverhäl…¹ Arithmetisches Mitte…² `1. Quartil`
* <fct> <fct> <dbl> <dbl>
1 männlich "Normalarbeitsverhältnis" 20.0 13.5
2 männlich "Atypische Beschäftigung (insg… 16.5 10.5
3 männlich "Atypisch: ausschließlich Teil… 18.8 11.1
4 männlich "Atypisch: befristete Beschäft… 18.3 10.9
5 männlich "Atypisch: geringfügige Beschä… 12.6 9
6 männlich "Atypisch: Leih- und Zeitarbei… 14.4 12
7 weiblich "Normalarbeitsverhältnis" 16.3 11.1
# ℹ 5 more rows
# ℹ abbreviated names: ¹`Form des Beschäftigungsverhältnisses`,
# ²`Arithmetisches Mittel`
# ℹ 3 more variables: `2. Quartil (Median)` <dbl>, `3. Quartil` <dbl>,
# `Zahl d unselbst Beschäftigten` <dbl>$total_codes() currently uses an ellipsis
(...) parameter to define total codes. In the future,
programmatic updates of sc_data objects should be defined
in $recodes. See #17.